What kind of sampling is performed based on the researcher’s judgment rather than random selection?

The correct answer is a type of sampling where selection is based on the researcher’s subjective judgment rather than on random criteria. This method, known as a nonprobability sample, allows researchers to choose specific individuals based on particular characteristics they believe are relevant to the study. This approach can be beneficial when researchers have specific insights or expertise about the population they are studying, leading them to select participants who can provide valuable information.

Nonprobability sampling is often used in qualitative research, where the goal is to gather in-depth insights rather than to generalize findings to the entire population. It contrasts with methods like simple random sampling, stratified sampling, and probability sampling, which rely on random selection techniques to ensure that every member of the population has an equal chance of being included. This difference is crucial, as nonprobability sampling may result in selection bias, but it is a practical choice in scenarios where qualitative insights are prioritized or specific subgroups are targeted.